Compare similar life situations, assumptions, and retirement tradeoffs.
Canada
Work & income
Canada pension buyback or TFSA first?
For: Canadian public-sector worker (42), mid-career, deciding whether to buy back prior pensionable service or keep money flexible in a TFSA
For a Canadian public-sector worker, a pension buyback can lift guaranteed retirement income, but TFSA flexibility can be worth more when tenure or cash.
US freelancer: Solo 401(k) or SEP IRA for retirement?
For: Single US freelancer (38), renter, choosing between a Solo 401(k) and a SEP IRA
For a freelancer with uneven income, the better retirement account often depends less on headline limits and more on whether you can save steadily through the.
For: Single Austin tech worker (35), renter, laid off mid-career while pursuing FIRE
An Austin-based single tech worker compares keeping an aggressive FIRE plan, resetting the retirement age after a long job search, or rebuilding cash first.
A Calgary self-employed contractor with lumpy billings learns how to keep five years of planned withdrawals above zero while still building a real retirement paycheck.
Independent contractors across Calgary regularly gross C$90k-C$180k, yet 10%-15% business overhead plus quarterly tax remittances leave only C$4,500-C$8,100 of monthly take-home in an average year. That thin margin means two slow seasons in a row can erase an entire year of RRSP deposits if you do not rebuild cash quickly.
This preset follows a single 38-year-old renter beginning in January 2026 with C$55,000 already invested. Everything is modeled in today’s dollars (real-return basis), so the cash-flow hits—tax catch-ups, workspace moves, health reserves—read like 2026 spending power instead of inflated future dollars.
Three preset branches show how a balanced RRSP/TFSA ladder, a TFSA-first safety strategy, and an RRSP-heavy push change retirement age, lifestyle, and resilience without ever letting the plan dip below zero.
Single contractors or incorporated individuals working primarily in Calgary, Alberta.
Ages 35-45 with volatile self-employment income in trades, professional services, or energy-adjacent projects.
Renting today (or happy to keep housing flexible) and prioritizing liquidity over owning office space.
Comfortable routing roughly low-C$1,000s to a little above C$2,000 per month toward retirement in stronger earning years once taxes, GST, and business costs are covered.
Want CPP/OAS plus personal savings to replace most income because no employer pension exists.
At a glance: All three branches keep the plan above zero; the real trade-off is how much of your stronger years you are willing to lock into retirement accounts versus cash reserves.
Variant
Monthly effort
Retirement lifestyle
Safe budget cushion
Interest to retirement
Base · Balanced RRSP + TFSA
C$1,607/mo (About the mid-C$1,000s per month, rising through mid-career before easing slightly near retirement.)
Retire at 67 on C$4,350/mo.
Safe C$4,397/mo (+C$47/mo margin).
C$330k
Pessimistic · TFSA + buffer
C$1,418/mo (Roughly low-C$1,000s to high-C$1,000s per month, keeping more cash accessible in weaker periods.)
Retire at 68 on C$3,200/mo.
Safe C$3,402/mo (+C$202/mo margin).
C$220k
Optimistic · RRSP heavy
C$2,030/mo (About the mid-C$1,000s to a little above C$2,000 per month in stronger years.)
Retire at 65 on a premium-rent, higher-spend C$6,000/mo plan.
Safe C$6,048/mo (+C$48/mo margin).
C$474k
Base · Balanced RRSP + TFSA
Saving effort ramps up as billings steady, then eases slightly near retirement so deposits can flex with feast-or-famine work.
Keeps capital positive with C$806,800 at retirement and C$286,758 at age 92 after every planned reserve withdrawal.
Pessimistic · TFSA + buffer
Keeps contributions lighter through most working years, then adds a catch-up push in the early 60s without sacrificing liquidity.
Prioritizes TFSA + cash resilience while still landing C$291,659 at age 93 after funding every reserve.
Optimistic · RRSP heavy
Asks for the biggest RRSP commitment during strong earning years, capturing more tax relief while billings are high.
Asks for the steepest saving run yet produces C$1,037,809 at retirement and C$393,804 at age 92 for the highest lifestyle.
Every figure above is in today’s money. The balanced branch alone earns C$822,958 of cumulative interest by age 92, while the RRSP-heavy plan compounds to C$1.41M of interest—even after funding late-life care needs—showing how decades of disciplined investing shoulder more of the load than fresh savings.
None of the presets dip below zero. Minimum capital stays above C$38k-C$40k around age 38 even after the emergency rebuild and tax catch-up happen in close succession.
Safe monthly spending stays ahead of each branch’s lifestyle target, so you can add C$47-C$202/mo and still keep the 60-month buffer if life runs hotter than expected.
Savings ladder: Balanced saving ramps up as income steadies, the TFSA-first branch stays lighter to preserve liquidity, and the RRSP-heavier branch asks for the biggest commitment in peak earning years.
Cash guardrails: The plan rebuilds cash early, carves out room for tax catch-up, and keeps a later slow-season reserve on hand. The point is to acknowledge that contractors often raid savings to stay current with CRA and GST/HST, then need fresh buffer before retirement saving can feel steady again.
Business reinvestments: Major equipment replacements, retraining, and occasional moves create several five-figure cash hits through mid-career, so the plan assumes your strongest earning years cannot all be treated as pure saving years.
Health coverage gaps: Contractors without employer plans pre-fund a meaningful medical reserve in the late 50s so bigger procedures, travel for care, or time away from work do not blow up retirement deposits.
Planned retirement spending runs from the low C$3,000s/mo to a premium-rent, higher-spend case around C$6,000/mo, with each branch staying slightly under its own safe limit. The optimistic branch is intentionally not the baseline Calgary renter case: it assumes housing and day-to-day costs stay near the upper end of the research ranges.
Slow-season buffers become retirement flexibility tools: the age-62 sabbatical funds can become early-retirement bridges if you draw CPP or RRSP income later than 65.
Interest earned is doing the heavy lifting. The TFSA-first branch still grows C$528,859 of additional interest by the end of the plan, while the RRSP-heavy branch crosses C$1.4M, which is why it can spend almost C$2,800/mo more without outliving capital.
Home upgrades and care stay visible: each preset still absorbs a later accessible-home retrofit plus a six-figure late-life care reserve. Those entries remove cash from investable capital, so remember that home equity itself is not counted unless you model it separately.
Resize the savings ladder. If your billings swing outside the C$90k-C$180k band, adjust the saving schedule until Effort/mo lines up with the share of income you can realistically lock in.
Adjust the reserves. The plan includes separate buckets for emergency cash, tax catch-up, a future move, health costs, and a later slow season. Resize those buckets to match your own lease, coverage, and equipment cycle.
Right-size retirement spending and returns. Adjust your planned retirement age if you expect to stop earlier or later, then stress-test the scenario with more cautious and more optimistic real-return cases that match your investing mix so the safe monthly spending estimate and capital-at-retirement figure stay accurate.
Check your pension anchors. Update the public-pension estimate if your statements show less than the C$1,550-C$1,850/mo range assumed here, and remember you’re paying both employer and employee sides of CPP while self-employed.
Stay ahead of tax remittances. If CRA asks for larger instalments or your GST/HST obligations change once taxable supplies pass C$30k, mirror those adjustments so the simulator doesn’t assume cash that really belongs to the government.
CPP + OAS contributions: Self-employed contractors contribute both halves of CPP, up to C$8,460.90 in the current base year plus additional CPP2 amounts, before eventually drawing CPP and OAS benefits in the C$1,550-C$1,850/mo band modeled in the preset. Update both figures to match your Statement of Contributions.
CRA instalments and GST/HST: Net tax owing above C$3,000 in back-to-back years triggers mandatory quarterly instalments, and GST/HST registration is required once taxable supplies exceed C$30,000. That is why the plan keeps a dedicated tax reserve in the early years and treats GST cash as untouchable.
RRSP vs TFSA: TFSA deposits keep emergency cash liquid; RRSP contributions deliver immediate tax relief when you have surplus billings. Use the branch that mirrors your cashflow reality in any given year rather than forcing a maxed RRSP during lean months.
Insurance and income protection: WCB-Alberta personal coverage plus optional EI special benefits are not automatic when you own the business. Add annual expenses for those premiums (or for private disability insurance) so you are not surprised by the drag on savings.
This scenario is educational only and simplifies CRA instalment rules, CPP/OAS estimates, and investment implementation so you can compare retirement trade-offs before running your own advice-backed plan.